Supply Chain and Operations Management Glossary (U)

UCC (Uniform Commercial Code): a standard set of laws governing commercial transactions (bills of lading, letters of credit, bank deposits, collections, etc.) adopted by all states in the U.S. except Louisiana (it uses a variant of the Napoleonic code).

UCC (Uniform Code Council): An industry group to promote multi-industry standards for product identification or bar codes. See http://www.uc-council.org

ULD (Unit Load Device): A cargo carrying container of standard size, usually in the airfreight industry.
These can be carried by most large aircraft, but not by smaller aircraft such as the B737 or the MD80.

Ullage: Unfilled space at the top of a storage tank, perhaps filled with inert gas.

Unit train: train, typically for hauling coal, used for repeated hauls, so that cars in it are never disconnected.

Unitization: the process of bundling a collection items (e.g., cases) together, as on a pallet, mainly to simplify transportation. Similar to containerization or palletization.

UPC (Universal Product Code) A 10 to 12 digit machine readable numeric product code originated in the food industry. The first several digits represent the manufacturer, the remaining digits the product. See also bar code, GTIN.

Use tax: A tax by a state on purchases by a firm in the state on purchases from an out-of-state supplier. The use tax rate is generally identical to the state sales tax rate on the item. Generally, individuals disregard a state’s request to pay sales tax on out-of-state purchases. State legislators introduced the use tax to enforce this request on firms (who do not vote). See also nexus.

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